PSG has now secured the prestigious trophy on fourteen different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the showdown between the French league champions and the French Cup holders after the French winger found the scoring early on.
However, the southern French side fired twice late to seize a shock advantage. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial equaliser in the dying moments to send the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing penalty victory.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the past 13 years.